northern giant hornet (formerly Asian giant hornet)
(Vespa mandarinia)
Overview
Origin
The Asian giant hornet, Vespa mandarinia, is native to East Asia, South Asia, Mainland Southeast Asia, parts of the Russian Far East.
Life Cycle
Fertilized/Mated queens emerge from hibernation and start to search for nesting sites in late April. They nest in the ground. The first nest is built by the queen and is small, only about 40 workers will be produced. A mature nest is completed around early August and will hold around 3000 cells in 4-12 combs. Late summer, the eggs for next year's queens and the first batch of next year's workers are laid and egg laying stops around mid-September and efforts shift to caring for larvae. Last year's queens die sometime between mid to late October and new queens take over responsibilities. Queens are fertilized as they leave the nest in late autumn.
Identification
Asian Giant Hornets are large, and have noticeably large orange heads and black eyes. Orange color can range from light, almost yellow, to dark orange. Worker hornets are approximately 3.5 cm in length and queens can be up to 4-5 cm in length with a wingspan of 4-7 cm;They have brown antenna with a yellow-orange base, brown to black eyes, brown thorax, and black and yellow/orange striped abdomen. Their mouth parts are orange with a black tooth.
Distribution
It has only been detected in Washington state in the US.
Resources
- Asian Giant Hornet Southeastern US Lookalikes - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
- Asian Giant Hornet Fact Sheet - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
- Asian Giant Hornet PowerPoint - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
- New Pest Response Guidelines - USDA APHIS PPQ
- Asian Giant Hornet - Penn State Extension
- Featured Creatures - University of Florida
- Asian Giant Hornet Information - Washington State Department of Agriculture
Selected Images
Maps
EDDMapS Distribution - This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org
State List - This map identifies those states that list this species on their invasive species list or law. For more information, visit Invasive.org
Taxonomic Rank
| Kingdom: Animalia |
| Phylum: Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: Hexapoda |
| Class: Insecta |
| Infraclass: Neoptera |
| Subclass: Pterygota |
| Order: Hymenoptera |
| Suborder: Apocrita |
| Superfamily: Vespoidea |
| Family: Vespidae |
| Subfamily: Vespinae |
| Genus: Vespa |
| Subject: Vespa mandarinia Smith, 1852 |
Synonyms and Other Names
Other Common Names:
Japanese hornet, sparrow hornet, murder hornet
Related Scientific Names:
Vespa mandarina Smith, 1852 (Misspelling)
Vespa mandarinii Smith, 1852 (Misspelling)