Origin
Lonchura punctulata is native to southern Asia. Nutmeg mannikin were introduced to the United States as escaped or intentionally released pets.
Life Cycle
L. punctulata plumage is primarily brown with adults having distinct scale-like feathers on the breast and belly. Nutmeg mannikin forages in large flocks on seeds, berries, and insects. Females lay 3-5 eggs with both sexes participating in incubation for approximately 14 days. Fledging occurs after about 18 days.
Distribution
L. punctulata are established in Texas and Florida with small populations along the Gulf Coast.
Control Efforts
In large populations, L. punctulata are considered agricultural pests.
https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/scaly-breasted-munia
https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=6D4F72B157D99627