| Australian-pine | USDA PLANTS Symbol: CAEQ U.S. Nativity: Exotic Habit: Hardwood Trees |
| Casuarina equisetifolia L. |
Jump to: Resources | Images | Distribution Maps | Native Alternatives | Sources
|
Taxonomic Rank: Magnoliopsida: Casuarinales: Casuarinaceae |
|
| Synonym(s): Australian pine, beach sheoak, common ironwood | |
| Native Range: northeastern Australia, Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia (BAIL); | |
Australian pine is a deciduous tree that occurs in open, coastal habitats including sand beaches, rocky coasts and sand dunes. Trees can grow to over 100 ft. (30.5 m) in height. The reddish-brown to gray bark is brittle and peels. Branchlets resemble pine needles and are very thin, 4-8 in. (10-20 cm) long and gray-green. Male and female flowers are present on the same plant and are inconspicuous. Male flowers occur in terminal spikes, while the female flowers are in small, axillary clusters. Fruit are tiny, winged nutlets that each contain one seed. The fruits are contained in woody, cone-like structures that are ¾ in. (2 cm) long. Australian pine is native to Australia and southeast Asia and was introduced into Florida in the late 1800’s. |
|
Identification, Biology, Control and Management Resources
|
| Selected Images from Invasive.org | View All Images at Invasive.org |
 Seedling(s); Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Tree(s); Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Foliage; Dan Clark, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Foliage; Amy Ferriter, State of Idaho, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Flower(s); Amy Ferriter, State of Idaho, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Fruit(s); Tony Pernas, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Cones; voucher 060422 16 Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Seed(s); seed capsule Dan Clark, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Seed(s); seed capsules Dan Clark, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); habit Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); habit Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); habit Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Tree(s); Tony Pernas, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Infestation; Tony Pernas, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Infestation; Tony Pernas, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Tree(s); Forest Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Tree(s); coastal trail Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Infestation; Amy Ferriter, State of Idaho, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Seed(s); Steve Hurst, USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
| EDDMapS Distribution: This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from USDA Plants Database. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org |
 State(s) Where Reported invasive. Based on state level agency and organization lists of invasive plants from WeedUS database. |
| Native Alternatives: | |
|
Coccoloba diversifolia (tietongue) Juniperus virginiana (eastern redcedar) Pinus clausa (sand pine) Sabal palmetto (cabbage palmetto) Taxodium distichum (bald cypress) |  More Information on Native Plants at: www.beplantwise.org PlantWise is a partnership between the National Park Service, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, The Garden Club of America and The National Invasive Species Council to prevent harmful invasive plants from invading natural areas. |
| U.S. National Parks where reported invasive: |
| Big Cypress National Preserve (Florida) Dry Tortugas Everglades National Park (Florida) Haleakala National Park (Hawaii) |
