paper mulberry |
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| Urticales > Moraceae > Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L'Hér. ex Vent.
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Paper mulberry is a fast-growing, deciduous tree that grows up to 50 ft. (15.2 m) in height. It invades disturbed areas throughout the eastern United States. The tree crown is broad and rounded with wide-spreading branches. Paper mulberry leaves are highly variable in size (3-10 in. [7.6-25.4 cm]), shape, and arrangement. Shape ranges from heart-shaped and entire to multi-lobed and highly dissected. The leaves are usually alternate, but they can also be found whorled or opposite. Leaves are very fuzzy with coarsely serrated margins. The sap is milky-white and freely flows from cut surfaces. Flowering occurs in the spring, when female flowers form in globose heads and male flowers develop in catkins. Fruits are red to orange, globose and 1-1.6 in. (3-4 cm) in diameter. Winter twigs have a "fuzzy" appearance. Paper mulberry quickly invades disturbed areas and can be found along forest edges, old fields, and roads where it displaces native vegetation. Due to a shallow root system, the trees are often susceptible to being blown down in high winds. Paper mulberry is native to Asia where it was used to produce paper. It was introduced into North America in the early 1900s and has been widely planted as an ornamental. |
Identification, Biology, Control and Management Resources
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Selected Images from Invasive.org
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Foliage;
Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org
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Foliage; Close-up of leaf
Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org
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Feature(s); buds
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Foliage;
Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org
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Foliage; November
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Foliage; November
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Foliage;
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Foliage;
Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org
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Twig(s)/Shoot(s); January
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Flower(s);
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Flower(s); Male inflorescences
Gerald D. Carr, Carr Botanical Consultation, Bugwood.org
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Fruit(s);
Amy Richard, University of Florida, Bugwood.org
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Foliage; with fruit
J. Scott Peterson, USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, Bugwood.org
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Bark;
James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
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Foliage;
Richard Old, XID Services, Inc., Bugwood.org
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Sapling(s);
Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org
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Plant(s); habit Hana Hwy
Forest & Kim Starr, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org
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Tree(s);
Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org
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Tree(s);
Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org
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Seed(s);
Steve Hurst, USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, Bugwood.org
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Diagram or Graphic; Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 632.
USDA PLANTS Database, USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, Bugwood.org
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Invasive Reference(s):
Check Invasive.org for most current lists.
- Florida - EPPC list
- Georgia - EPPC list
- Tennessee - EPPC List
- Texas - Invasive Plant List
- Mid-Atlantic - EPPC List
- Invasive Plants: Guide to Identification and the Impacts and Control of Common North American Species
External Links
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