| parrotfeather |
USDA PLANTS Symbol: MYAQ2 USDA ARS GRIN: 400091 ITIS: 503904 NAPIS: PCDABBA |
| Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. | |
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Taxonomic Rank: Magnoliopsida: Haloragales: Haloragaceae |
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| Synonym(s): parrotfeather watermilfoil, water-feather, Brazilian water-milfoil, parrotfeather | |
Parrotfeather watermilfoil is an herbaceous, rooted, submerged/emergent plant that invades aquatic habitats throughout much of the United States. Stems are stout and blue-green in color. Leaves are abundant, whorled, pinnately compound, and finely dissected. Submersed leaves are 0.6-1.4 in. (1.5-3.5 cm) long and have 20 to 30 divisions per leaf. Emergent leaves are 0.8-2 in. (2-5 cm) long, less divided and greener than the submersed leaves. As only female plants occur in North America, reproduction occurs vegetatively. Inconspicuous flowers are formed in the axils of the emergent leaves in the spring (sometimes fall). Parrotfeather watermilfoil is found in lakes, ponds, and slow moving streams where it can form dense mats of vegetation. These mats can clog waterways, impede boating traffic, disrupt the growth of native vegetation and provide a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Parrotfeather watermilfoil is native to South America and was first introduced into the United States in the Washington DC area around 1890 as an aquarium and aquatic garden plant. |
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Identification, Biology, Control and Management Resources
- Global Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species Specialist Group
- Invasive Plant Atlas of New England - University of Connecticut
- Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas - National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
| Selected Images from Invasive.org | View All Images at Invasive.org |
 Infestation; Control with 2,4-D and wetting agent Utah State University Archive, Utah State University, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Infestation; Alison Fox, University of Florida, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); Alison Fox, University of Florida, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); Close-up with pennywort in center Alison Fox, University of Florida, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Foliage; Emergent stems Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
 Plant(s); Nancy Loewenstein, Auburn University, Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage |
Taxonomic References:
- USDA, NRCS. 2001. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.1, National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Invasive Listing Sources:
- Connecticut Invasive Plant Working Group
- Delaware Natural Resources and Environmental Control, 2004
- Faith Campbell, 1998. Plants that Hog the Garden: Invasive Plants in the United States. Fine Gardening Online
- Jil M. Swearingen, Survey of invasive plants occurring on National Park Service lands, 2000-2007
- Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 1994
- Mid-Atlantic Exotic Pest Plant Council, 2005
- Native Plant Society of Oregon, 2002
- New Hampshire Invasive Species Committee. 2005. Guide to Invasive Upland Plant Species in New Hampshire. New Hampshire Department of Agriculture, Markets and Food Plant Industry Division and New Hampshire Invasive Species Committee.
- Nonnative Invasive Species in Southern Forest and Grassland Ecosystems
- Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, 1999.
- WeedUS - Database of Plants Invading Natural Areas in the United States
- Alabama Invasive Plant Council
- Alabama Noxious Weeds Class C Noxious Weed
- California Invasive Plant Council
- Connecticut Noxious Weeds
- Apalachicola Invasive Working Group
- Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council Category 2
- Idaho Noxious Weeds
- Massachusetts Noxious Weeds
- Maine Noxious Weeds
- Oregon Noxious Weeds
- Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Council Significant Threat
- Vermont Noxious Weeds
- Washington Noxious Weeds
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