Invasive and Exotic Pathogens
The following species have been listed on an invasive species list in North America. For more information on each species, including the listing sources, images, and publication links, click on the species.
161 Records
| Subject Name | Scientific Name | Family | Order | Class |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| brown root rot | Phellinus noxius (Corner) G.H. Cunn. | Hymenochaetaceae | Hymenochaetales | Agaricomycetes |
| littleleaf disease | Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| black rot | Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ellis & Halst.) Sacc. | Ceratocystidaceae | Microascales | Sordariomycetes |
| chestnut blight or canker | Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) M.E. Barr | Incertae sedis | Diaporthales | Sordariomycetes |
| European larch canker | Lachnellula willkommii (Hartig) Dennis | Hyaloscyphaceae | Helotiales | Leotiomycetes |
| beech bark disease | Nectria coccinea (Pers.) Fr. | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| butternut canker | Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum N. B. Nair, Kostichka & Kuntz | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| oak wilt | Ceratocystis fagacearum (T. W. Bretz) J. Hunt | Ceratocystidaceae | Microascales | Sordariomycetes |
| Dutch elm disease | Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Nannf. | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| mimosa wilt | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. perniciosum (Hepting) Toole | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| bacterial leaf scorch | Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., 1987 | Xanthomonadaceae | Xanthomonadales | Gammaproteobacteria |
| sycamore anthracnose | Apiognomonia veneta (Sacc. & Speg.) Hohn. | Valsaceae | Diaporthales | Sordariomycetes |
| dogwood anthracnose | Discula destructiva Redlin | Valsaceae | Diaporthales | Sordariomycetes |
| Dothistroma needle blight | Mycosphaerella pini Rostr. | Mycosphaerellaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| Diplodia blight | Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| white pine blister rust | Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch. | Cronartiaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Leptographium root disease | Leptographium procerum (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| brown spot needle blight of pine | Mycosphaerella dearnessii M.E. Barr | Mycosphaerellaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| beech bark canker | Neonectria coccinea var. faginata (Pers.:Fr.) Fr. Var. Lohman, A. M. Watson, & Ayers | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| Phytophthora root and crown rots | Phytophthora spp. De Bary | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| turkey tail | Trametes versicolor (L.) C.G. Lloyd | Polyporaceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| Armillaria root rot | Armillaria limonea (Stevenson) Boesewinkel | Marasmiaceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| Armillaria root rot | Armillaria novae-zelandiae (G. Stev.) Boesew. | Marasmiaceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| ceratocystis wilt of Cacao | Ceratocystis moniliformis (Hedgc.) C. Moreau | Ceratocystidaceae | Microascales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain of beech | Ophiostoma nothofagi (Butin) Rulamort | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| wood-staining fungi | Ceratocystis novae-zelandiae Hutchinson & Reid | Ceratocystidaceae | Microascales | Sordariomycetes |
| myrtle wilt | Thielaviopsis australis (Kile) Paulin, Harrington, et McNew | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| Cyclaneusma needle cast | Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) Dicosmo, Peredo & Mint | Rhytismataceae | Rhytismatales | Leotiomycetes |
| pink disease | Erythricium salmonicolor (Berk. & Broome) Burdsall | Phanerochaetaceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| artist conk | Ganoderma mastoporum (Leville) Pat. | Ganodermataceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| wood decay | Ischnoderma rosulata (Cunning.) Buchanan & Ryvarden | Polyporaceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| corm dry rot | Junghuhnia vincta (Berk.) Hood & M. Dick | Steccherinaceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| Leptographium root disease | Leptographium truncatum (M.J. Wingf. & Marasas) M.J. Wingf. | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma huntii (Robins-Jeff) DeHoog & Scheffe | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) Nannf. | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma piceae (Munch) Syd. & P. Syd | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma piceaperdum (Rumbold) Arx | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma piliferum (Fr.:Fr.) Syd. & P. Syd. | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ceratocystis tenella Davidson | Ceratocystidaceae | Microascales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma valdivianum (Butin) Rulamort | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| stem decay, heart rot | Phellinus senex (Nees & Mont.) Imazeki | Hymenochaetaceae | Hymenochaetales | Agaricomycetes |
| wood decay | Phlebia chrysocrea (Bert. et Curt.) Burdsall | Meruliaceae | Polyporales | Agaricomycetes |
| wood decay | Stereum spp. Pers. | Stereaceae | Russulales | Agaricomycetes |
| bacterial canker of poplar | Xanthomonas populi (Ride) Ride & Ride | Xanthomonadaceae | Xanthomonadales | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Cornuvesica falcata | Cornuvesica falcata (Wright & Cain) Vijoen et al. | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| blue stain | Ophiostoma pluriannulatum (Hedgc.) H. & P. Sydow | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| sudden oak death | Phytophthora ramorum S. Werres, A.W.A.M. de Cock | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| muscadine disease | Beauveria spp. Vuill. | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| citrus greening | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus | Rhizobiaceae | Rhizobiales | Alphaproteobacteria |
| citrus greening | Candidatus Liberibacter africanus | Rhizobiaceae | Rhizobiales | Alphaproteobacteria |
| Graminicolous rusts | Uredo dioscoreae-alatae Racib. | Incertae sedis | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| sweet potato scab | Elsinoe batatas (Saw.) Viegas & Jenkins | Elsinoaceae | Myriangiales | Dothideomycetes |
| Cercospora blight | Cercospora batatae Zimm. | Mycosphaerellaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| sugarcane downy mildew | Peronosclerospora sacchari T. Miyake | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| java downy mildew | Peronosclerospora maydis (Racib.) C.G. Shaw | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| sweet orange scab | Elsinoe australis Bitanc. & Jenkins | Elsinoaceae | Myriangiales | Dothideomycetes |
| spruce rust | Chrysomyxa abietis (Wallr.) Unger | Coleosporiaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Douglas fir canker | Allantophomopsis pseudotsuga (M. Wilson) G. Hahn | Phacidiaceae | Helotiales | Leotiomycetes |
| acacia gall rust | Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) McAlpine | Pileolariaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| rust | Pucciniastrum actinidae Hiratu Suka | Pucciniastraceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| spruce needle rust | Chrysomyxa himalensis Barclay | Coleosporiaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| cherry-spruce rust | Pucciniastrum areolatum G.H. Otth | Pucciniastraceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Seeding disease | Fusarium fuliginosporum Sibilia | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| rust | Uromyces nyikensis Syd. & P. Syd. | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| gladiolus rust | Uromyces transversalis (Thümen) Winter | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| chrysanthemum white rust | Puccinia horiana P. Hennings | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Parasitic leaf fungus | Pestalotiopsis disseminata (Thuem.) Steyaert | Amphisphaeriaceae | Xylariales | Sordariomycetes |
| rust | Aecidium hydrangeae-paniculatea Dietel | Incertae sedis | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| needlecast | Stigmina deflectens (P. Karst.) M.B. Ellis | Incertae sedis | Dothideales | Dothideomycetes |
| rust | Cronartium flaccidium (Alb. & Schwein.) G. Winter | Cronartiaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| white rot | Stereum hiugense Imazeki | Stereaceae | Russulales | Agaricomycetes |
| Witches broom fungus | Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer | Tricholomataceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| watery pod rot | Moniliophthora roreri (Cif.) H.C. Evans, Stalpers, Samson & Benny | Marasmiaceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| Vascular streak dieback | Oncobasidium theobromae P.H.B. Talbot & Keane | Ceratobasidiaceae | Ceratobasidiales | Agaricomycetes |
| Mealy pod diseases of cushy gall disease | Trachysphaera fructigena Tabor and Bunting | Pythiaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| white root rot | Rosellinia necratrix Berl. ex Prill | Xylariaceae | Xylariales | Sordariomycetes |
| rust | Puccinia maccleanii Doidge | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Graminicolous rusts | Uredo gladioli-buttneri Bubák | Incertae sedis | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| rust | Uromyces gladioli Henn. | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| mulberry rust | Aecidium mori (Barclay) Dietel | Incertae sedis | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Leaf, branch & fruit fungus | Diaporthe mali Bres. | Diaporthaceae | Diaporthales | Sordariomycetes |
| Septoria melanosa | Septoria melanosa (Vialla and Ravav) Elenk | Mycosphaerellaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| brown rot of fruit | Monilinia fructigena Honey | Sclerotiniaceae | Helotiales | Leotiomycetes |
| Rotbrenner | Pseudopezicula tracheiphila (Müll.-Thurg.) Korf & W.Y. Zhuang | Helotiaceae | Helotiales | Leotiomycetes |
| Rhacodiella vitis | Rhacodiella vitis Sterenberg | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| gladiolus rust | Puccinia gladioli Castagne | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Phialophora wilt | Phialophora cinerescens (Wollenw.) J.F.H. Beyma | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| leaf smut of rice | Entyloma oryzae Syd. And P. Syd. | Entylomataceae | Entylomatales | Exobasidiomycetes |
| glume blotch | Melanomma glumarum Miyake | Melanommataceae | Pleosporales | Dothideomycetes |
| blight | Oospora oryzetorum Sacc. | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| karnal bunt | Tilletia indica Mitra | Tilletiaceae | Tilletiales | Exobasidiomycetes |
| coffee leaf rust | Hemileia vastatrix Berk. and Broome | Incertae sedis | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Fungal disease of bees | Cordyceps spp. (Fr.) Link | Clavicipitaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| flag smut | Urocystis agropyri (G. Preuss) J. Schrot. | Urocystaceae | Urocystales | Ustilaginomycetes |
| flag smut | Urocystis tritici Korn. | Urocystaceae | Urocystales | Ustilaginomycetes |
| potato wart disease | Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilberszky) Percival | Synchytriaceae | Chytridiales | Chytridiomycetes |
| Japanese pear rust | Gymnosporangium asiaticum Miyabe ex. Yamada | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| red core | Phytophthora fragariae Hickman | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| entomophagus fungi | Entomophthora spp. Fresen. | Entomophthoraceae | Entomophthorales | Zygomycetes |
| soybean rust | Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd. | Phakopsoraceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| mal secco | Phoma tracheiphila (Petri) L.A. Kantsch. & Gikaschvili | Incertae sedis | Pleosporales | Dothideomycetes |
| rice bacterial leaf blight | Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae Ishiyama | Xanthomonadaceae | Xanthomonadales | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus | Begomovirus TYLCV | Geminiviridae | Unassigned single stranded DNA viruses | single stranded DNA viruses |
| Plum Pox Virus | Potyvirus PPV | Potyviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| citrus black spot | Guignardia citricarpa Kiely | Botryosphaeriaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| Southern bacterial wilt | Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. | Burkholderiaceae | Burkholderiales | Betaproteobacteria |
| sorghum ergot | Claviceps africana Freder., Mantle & De Milliano | Clavicipitaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| Coconut cadang-cadang viroid | Cocadviroid CCCVd | Pospiviroidae | Unassigned Viroids | Viroids |
| Gibberella stalk rot | Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| brown stripe downy mildew of maize | Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae Payak & Naras. | Verrucalvaceae | Sclerosporales | Oomycetes |
| Exotic Newcastle Disease | Avulavirus NDV | Paramyxoviridae | Mononegavirales | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Avian influenza virus | Influenzavirus HPAV | Orthomyxoviridae | Unassigned single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Bean Common Mosaic Virus | Potyvirus BCMV | Potyviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Collybia fungus | Collybia fusipes (Bull.: Fr.) Quel. | Tricholomataceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| violet root rot | Helicobasidium longisporum Wakef. | Platygloeaceae | Incertae sedis | Urediniomycetes |
| Ophiostoma longicollum | Ophiostoma longicollum Masuya | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| Phytophthora quercina | Phytophthora quercina H.S. Jung | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| Phytophthora disease of alders | Phytophthora alni Brasier & S.A. Kirk | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| Brown needle blight of pine | Mycosphaerella gibsonii H.C. Evans | Mycosphaerellaceae | Incertae sedis | Dothideomycetes |
| citrus canker | Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vauterin et al. 1995 | Xanthomonadaceae | Xanthomonadales | Gammaproteobacteria |
| bacterial leaf streak | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Fang et al.) Swings et al. | Xanthomonadaceae | Xanthomonadales | Gammaproteobacteria |
| pitch canker | Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg & O'Donnell | Nectriaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| ryegrass bunt | Tilletia walkeri Castl. & Carris | Tilletiaceae | Tilletiales | Exobasidiomycetes |
| downy mildew of corn | Peronosclerospora philippinensis (T. Miyake) C.G. Shaw | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| Australian Grapevine Yellows | Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense R.E. Davis et al., 1997 | Acholeplasmataceae | Acholeplasmatales | Mollicutes |
| Citrus Tristeza Virus | Closterovirus CTV | Closteroviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| daylily rust | Puccinia hemerocallidis Thüm. | Pucciniaceae | Uredinales | Urediniomycetes |
| Fowlpox Virus | Avipoxvirus FWPV | Poxviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| West Nile Virus | Flavivirus WNV | Flaviviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Asian kelp | Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar | Alariaceae | Laminariales | Phaeophyceae |
| Dichotomophthora rot on Opuntia | Dichotomophthora indica P.N. Rao, 1966 | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis | Incertae sedis |
| Rice Udbatta Disease | Ephelis oryzae Syd., 1914 | Clavicipitaceae | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| Dasheen Bacilliform Virus | Badnavirus CBV | Caulimoviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| Taro Bacilliform Virus | Badnavirus TaBV | Caulimoviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus | Potyvirus BCMNV | Potyviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Rice Hoja Blanca Virus | Tenuivirus RHBV | Unassigned negative-sense ssRNA | Unassigned single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Phoma blight | Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) Boerema, Dorenb. & Kesteren | Incertae sedis | Pleosporales | Dothideomycetes |
| sudden oak death - mating type 2 | Phytophthora ramorum Mating Type 2 | Peronosporaceae | Peronosporales | Oomycetes |
| laurel wilt | Raffaelea lauricola Harrington & Fraedrich | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| Tomato Apex Necrosis Virus (provisional name) | Torradovirus ToANV | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Colocasia Bobone Disease Virus | Nucleorhabdovirus CBDV | Rhabdoviridae | Mononegavirales | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Southern bacterial wilt | Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 Biovar 2 (Smith 1896) Yabuuchi et al. 1996 | Burkholderiaceae | Burkholderiales | Betaproteobacteria |
| annual ryegrass toxicity | Rathayibacter toxicus (Riley and Ophel 1992) Sasaki et al., 1998 | Microbacteriaceae | Actinomycetales | Actinobacteria |
| persimmon wilt | Acremonium diospyri (Crand.) W. Gams | Incertae sedis | Hypocreales | Sordariomycetes |
| Gymnopus fungus | Gymnopus fusipes (Bull.) Gray | Marasmiaceae | Agaricales | Agaricomycetes |
| Harpophora fungus | Harpophora maydis (Samra, Sabet & Hing.) W. Gams | Magnaporthaceae | Incertae sedis | Sordariomycetes |
| Raffaelea fungus | Raffaelea quercivora Kubono & Shin. Ito | Ophiostomataceae | Ophiostomatales | Sordariomycetes |
| Chronic Wasting Disease | Agents of Spongiform Encephalopathy CWD | Mammalian Prions | Prions | No nucleic acid |
| Baculovirus of Shrimp | Baculovirus penaei | Baculoviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| Yellow Head Virus | Okavirus | Roniviridae | Nidovirales | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Large Mouth Bass Virus | Ranavirus LMBV | Iridoviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| Infectious Haematopeietic Necrosis Virus | Novirhabdovirus | Rhabdoviridae | Mononegavirales | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Taura Syndrome Virus | Cripavirus TSV | Discistroviridae | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis | Ranavirus | Iridoviridae | Unassigned double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage | double stranded DNA viruses, no RNA stage |
| Bacterial Kidney Disease | Renibacterium salmoninarum Sanders and Fryer 1980 | Micrococcaceae | Actinomycetales | Actinobacteria |
| Spring Viremia of Carp Virus | Rhabdovirus SVCV | Rhabdoviridae | Mononegavirales | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus | Rhabdovirus VHSV | Rhabdoviridae | Mononegavirales | single stranded negative-sense RNA viruses |
| Infectious Hypodermal Haematopoietic Necrosis | Parvovirus IHHN | Parvoviridae | Unassigned single stranded DNA viruses | single stranded DNA viruses |
| White Spot Disease | Whispovirus | Nimaviridae | Unassigned Viruses | Unassigned Viruses |
| Tomato Torrado Virus | Torradovirus ToTV | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
| Tomato Marchitez Virus | Torradovirus ToMarV | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | Unassigned single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses | single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses |
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